Image Comparison References
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Spiral galaxy M63 (Sunflower Galaxy NGC 5055) in the constellation Canes Venatici. Visual magnitude is 8.60
Date & Time: July 18, 2025, 11:09 pm
Location: Kempt Shore, Nova Scotia, 45°N
Sky & Temp: Clear, light breeze, 22°C
Sunset: 8:59 pm
Moon Phase: Last quarter (39%)
Technical: 30-min Integration, 10-sec exposures, battery power, no filter, direct wifi, no post-processing
Spiral galaxy M64 (Black Eye Galaxy NGC 4826) in the constellation Coma Berenices. Visual magnitude is 8.50
Date & Time: June 27, 2025, 12:45 am
Location: Kempt Shore, Nova Scotia, 45°N
Sky & Temp: Clear, calm, humid, 15°C
Sunset: 9:08 pm
Moonset: 10:46 pm
Moon Phase: Waxing crescent (3%)
Technical: 1 hr Integration, 10-sec exposures, line power, no filter, direct wifi, no post-processing
Image Comparison References
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Image Comparison References
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Globular cluster M71 (NGC 6838) in the constellation Sagitta. Visual magnitude is 8.18
Date & Time: June 25, 2025, 1:24 am
Location: Kempt Shore, Nova Scotia, 45°N
Sky & Temp: Partly cloudy, calm, humid, 24°C
Sunset: 9:08 pm
Moonset: 9:04 pm
Moon Phase: New Moon (0%)
Technical: 1-hr Integration, 10-sec exposures, line power, no filter, home wifi, no post-processing
Globular cluster M72 (NGC 6981) in the constellation Aquarius. Visual magnitude is 9.27
Date & Time: July 27, 2025, 1:10 am
Location: Kempt Shore, Nova Scotia, 45°N
Sky & Temp: Mostly clear, calm, 16°C
Sunset: 8:51 pm
Moonset: 10.05 pm
Moon Phase: Waxing crescent (6%)
Technical: 1-hr & 4-min Integration, 10-sec exposures, battery power, no filter, direct wifi, no post-processing
Open cluster M73 (NGC 6994) in the constellation Aquarius. Visual magnitude is 8.89
Date & Time: July 27, 2025, 2:20 am
Location: Kempt Shore, Nova Scotia, 45°N
Sky & Temp: Mostly clear, calm, 16°C
Sunset: 8:51 pm
Moonset: 10.05 pm
Moon Phase: Waxing crescent (6%)
Technical: 10-min Integration, 10-sec exposures, battery power, no filter, direct wifi, no post-processing
Spiral galaxy M74 (NGC 628) in the constellation Pisces. Visual magnitude is 9.39
Date & Time: August 3, 2025, 1:36 am
Location: Kempt Shore, Nova Scotia, 45°N
Sky & Temperature: Clear, calm, 9°C
Sunset: 8:42 pm
Moonset: 12:19 am
Moon Phase: First quarter (64%)
Moonrise: 3:37 pm
Technical: 30-min Integration, 10-sec exposures, battery & power tank, no filter, direct wifi, no post-processing
Globular cluster M75 (NGC 6864) in the constellation Sagittarius. Visual magnitude is 8.52
Date & Time: July 27, 2025, 2:46 am
Location: Kempt Shore, Nova Scotia, 45°N
Sky & Temp: Mostly clear, calm, 16°C
Sunset: 8:51 pm
Moonset: 10.05 pm
Moon Phase: Waxing crescent (6%)
Technical: 10-min Integration, 10-sec exposures, battery power, no filter, direct wifi, no post-processing
Planetary nebula M76 (Little Dumbbell Nebula NGC 650, 651) in the constellation Perseus. Visual magnitude is 10.10
Image Comparison References
Date & Time: August 2, 2025, 9:35 pm
Location: Kempt Shore, Nova Scotia, 45°N
Sky & Temperature: Clear, calm, 22°C
Sunset: 8:42 pm
Moonset: 12:19 am
Moon Phase: First quarter (64%)
Moonrise: 3:37 pm
Technical: 1-hr Integration, 10-sec exposures, battery & power tank, no filter, direct wifi, no post-processing
Spiral galaxy M77 (NGC 1068) in the constellation Cetus. Visual magnitude is 8.89
Date & Time: August 3, 2025, 2:11 am
Location: Kempt Shore, Nova Scotia, 45°N
Sky & Temperature: Clear, calm, 9°C
Sunset: 8:42 pm
Moonset: 12:19 am
Moon Phase: First quarter (64%)
Moonrise: 3:37 pm
Technical: 30-min Integration, 10-sec exposures, battery & power tank, no filter, direct wifi, no post-processing
Diffuse nebula M78 (NGC 2068)
Visual magnitude ~ 8.0
Dimensions ~ 8' x 6'
Distance ~ 1,630 light-years
Data Reference
The Messier Objects: 2nd Edition, Stephen James O'Meara, Cambridge University Press, New York, 2014.
Date & Time: September 12, 2025, 3:26 am
Location: Kempt Shore, Nova Scotia, 45°N
Sky & Temperature: Clear, light breeze, 12°C
Sunset: 7:35 pm (September 11)
Moon Phase: Waning gibbous (77%)
Moonrise: 9:14 pm (September 11)
Technical: 1-hour Integration, 10-sec exposures, line power, no filter, home wifi, post-processed using Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra's photo editing tools
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Globular cluster M80 (NGC 6093) in the constellation Scorpius. Visual magnitude is 7.32
Date & Time: June 21, 2025, 11:47 pm
Location: Kempt Shore, Nova Scotia, 45°N
Sky & Temperature: Clear, calm, 18°C
Sunset: 9:08 pm
Moon Phase: Waning Crescent (13%)
Moonrise: 2:10 am
Technical: 30-min Integration, 10-sec exposures, line power, no filter, direct wifi, no post-processing